Frequently Asked Questions
What Is Complex Property Finance?
Complex property finance refers to lending that falls outside standard high street mortgage criteria. This may include development finance, bridging loans, large mortgages, private bank lending, trust borrowing, offshore ownership structures, portfolio-backed lending, commercial property finance and transactions involving unusual or high-value assets.
Rather than relying solely on automated affordability models, these facilities are typically assessed individually, with lenders considering the overall strength of the borrower, assets, security, experience and exit strategy.
Who Typically Uses Complex Finance?
Complex finance is commonly used by:
- Property developers
- Professional investors
- High-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth individuals
- Company directors
- Family offices
- Trusts and trustees
- Overseas buyers
- Expats
- Business owners
- Entrepreneurs
- Professional landlords
- Private investment companies
Many borrowers use specialist lending because their circumstances cannot be accommodated by mainstream mortgage providers.
What Is Development Finance?
Development finance provides funding for residential, commercial or mixed-use construction projects.
Facilities may fund:
- Land acquisition
- Ground-up developments
- Property conversions
- Heavy refurbishments
- Commercial-to-residential conversions
- Build-to-rent schemes
- Apartment developments
- Luxury homes
- Student accommodation
- Care homes
- Mixed-use developments
Funds are normally released in stages as construction progresses.
How Much Can I Borrow For A Development Project?
Most lenders provide between 60% and 75% of land value and may fund up to 85% to 90% of total project costs where the scheme is commercially viable.
The exact borrowing depends on factors including:
- Gross Development Value (GDV)
- Build costs
- Developer experience
- Planning status
- Location
- Exit strategy
- Contingency provisions
Each lender applies different criteria.
What Is Bridging Finance?
A bridging loan is short-term finance designed to provide fast access to capital where conventional mortgage funding is unsuitable or unavailable.
Common uses include:
- Auction purchases
- Chain breaks
- Property refurbishment
- Land purchases
- Development exits
- Business cashflow
- Probate purchases
- Tax liabilities
- Commercial acquisitions
- Investment opportunities
Many bridging loans complete within days rather than months.
When Is Bridging Finance Better Than A Mortgage?
Bridging finance is often appropriate when speed is more important than long-term pricing.
Examples include:
- Buying before selling
- Auction deadlines
- Properties requiring refurbishment
- Development sites
- Complex legal structures
- Time-sensitive acquisitions
- Planning opportunities
Once the project is complete, borrowers often refinance onto longer-term facilities.
What Is A Development Exit Loan?
Development exit finance replaces an expensive development facility once construction has completed but before all units have been sold.
This can:
- Reduce interest costs
- Improve cashflow
- Allow developers more time to achieve full market value
- Avoid pressure to sell quickly
Development exit lending has become increasingly popular among professional developers.
What Is Private Bank Property Finance?
Private banks specialise in larger, more complex lending facilities for affluent clients.
Unlike many mainstream lenders, private banks often assess a client's entire financial position rather than relying solely on income multiples.
This may include:
- Investment portfolios
- Business interests
- Liquidity
- Existing assets
- Family wealth
- Future income
- International assets
Private banks frequently provide highly bespoke solutions.
What Is UHNW Property Finance?
Ultra-high-net-worth property finance generally refers to borrowing for clients with substantial assets or very high-value property transactions.
Loans often exceed £2 million and can extend well into eight or nine figures.
These facilities frequently involve:
- Private banks
- Family offices
- International lenders
- Multi-jurisdictional structures
- Complex security arrangements
Can I Buy Property Through A Trust?
Yes.
Many lenders will finance property purchases through trusts, although the range of lenders is considerably smaller than for personal ownership.
The lender will usually assess:
- The trust structure
- Trustees
- Beneficiaries
- Source of wealth
- Source of funds
- Purpose of the trust
- Legal documentation
Specialist advice is essential before selecting a lender.
Can Offshore Companies Obtain UK Property Finance?
Yes.
Many private banks and specialist lenders regularly finance UK property held within offshore companies or international ownership structures.
Each lender has different requirements regarding:
- Jurisdiction
- Company ownership
- Beneficial owners
- Tax residency
- Corporate documentation
- Source of wealth
Can I Borrow Against My Investment Portfolio?
Yes.
Portfolio-backed lending (often referred to as Lombard lending or securities-backed lending) allows borrowers to release liquidity without selling investments.
Depending on the portfolio, lenders may advance between 50% and 80% of its value.
Eligible assets often include:
- Shares
- Bonds
- Investment funds
- Managed portfolios
The precise lending level depends upon the quality and volatility of the investments
.
What Is A Margin Call?
Where borrowing is secured against investments, falling portfolio values may trigger a margin call.
The lender may require the borrower to:
- Add further investments
- Repay part of the loan
- Provide additional security
Understanding this risk is an important part of portfolio-backed lending.
Can Development Finance Be Used For Refurbishments?
Yes.
Many lenders provide refurbishment finance ranging from light cosmetic improvements through to major structural renovations and office-to-residential conversions.
The funding structure depends on:
- The scale of works
- Planning requirements
- Exit strategy
- Property value after completion
Do I Need Planning Permission Before Applying For Development Finance?
Not always.
Some lenders will fund land purchases without planning permission, while others require full planning consent before releasing funds.
The most appropriate lender depends on the stage of the project.
How Quickly Can Specialist Finance Complete?
Completion times vary significantly.
Typical timescales include:
- Bridging finance: 3 to 14 days
- Private bank lending: 4 to 10 weeks
- Development finance: 3 to 8 weeks
- Commercial finance: 4 to 10 weeks
Well-prepared applications generally progress much faster.
What Information Will Specialist Lenders Require?
Although requirements vary, lenders commonly request:
- Identification
- Source of wealth
- Source of funds
- Asset schedules
- Income information
- Company accounts
- Development appraisals
- Planning documents
- Professional valuations
- Exit strategy
- Existing borrowing details
Providing comprehensive information early can significantly improve timescales.
Can Overseas Buyers Access UK Complex Finance?
Yes.
Many international borrowers successfully obtain UK property finance each year.
Private banks and specialist lenders regularly finance overseas nationals, expatriates and international investors purchasing UK property.
Each lender has different residency and documentation requirements.
What Loan Sizes Are Available?
Specialist finance ranges from relatively modest bridging facilities through to transactions exceeding £100 million.
Loan size depends upon:
- Security value
- Asset quality
- Borrower profile
- Exit strategy
- Overall risk
Private banks and institutional lenders are often suitable for larger facilities.
Why Use A Specialist Finance Broker?
Complex lending markets are highly fragmented.
Many specialist lenders do not deal directly with borrowers, while private banks and institutional funders often have highly specific lending criteria.
A specialist broker can help:
- Identify suitable lenders
- Structure the transaction
- Present complex cases effectively
- Negotiate competitive terms
- Coordinate professional advisers
- Manage the transaction through to completion
For larger or more complex transactions, choosing the right funding structure can be just as important as choosing the lender itself.